Bentuk lahan menentukan kesesuaian lahan dan produktivitas lahan di Kabupaten Probolinggo, Jawa Timur

Zeny Larasati Diyah Maghfiroh, Chendy Tafakresnanto

Abstract


Bentuk lahan mencerminkan karakteristik lahan, seperti material induk, kemiringan lereng, dan tanah sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai dasar evaluasi lahan untuk menentukan tingkat kemampuan dan kesesuaian lahan. Kesesuaian lahan merupakan gambaran kesesuaian tingkat atau potensi lahan untuk penggunaan lahan tertentu, termasuk penggunaan pertanian. Tingkat kesesuaian lahan ditentukan oleh faktor pembatas (kendala), sehingga tingkat kesesuaian lahan juga menunjukkan produktivitas lahan. Produktivitas lahan pertanian biasanya ditentukan dalam periode satu tahun, sehingga melibatkan pola rotasi tanaman dalam setahun. Penelitian tentang keterkaitan antara bentuk lahan, penggunaan lahan, kesesuaian lahan, dan produktivitas lahan dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) untuk menentukan penggunaan lahan yang direkomendasikan dan estimasi produktivitas lahan pada berbagai bentuk lahan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Besuk dan Kecamatan Paiton, Kabupaten Probolinggo, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk lahan menentukan penggunaan lahan, dibuktikan dengan bentuk lahan aluvial dan vulkanik (79,76-94,76%) didominasi oleh penggunaan lahan “sawah” dan bentuk lahan laut (80,33%) didominasi oleh tambak. Produktivitas tanah yang tinggi ditunjukkan dengan tanah yang sangat cocok (S1) dan cocok untuk tanah (S2) pada bentuk lahan aluvial dan vulkanik. Bentuk lahan aluvial dan vulkanik dapat direkomendasikan sebagai "penggunaan lahan sawah" dengan komoditas padi-sawah, jagung, bawang merah, dan tembakau; sedangkan bentuk lahan laut dapat direkomendasikan sebagai “penggunaan lahan tambak”.


Keywords


Bentuk lahan; kesesuaian lahan; produktivitas lahan; kesesuaian lahan; GIS

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